The Children’s Climate Risk Report 2026 by UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell   June 2026   Nearly half of the world’s children – or 1.1 billion – are now exposed to at least three overlapping climate hazards, threatening their health, education, and survival, according to a new UNICEF report launched today.   Almost every child in the world faces at least one climate hazard, while more than 4 million could face as many as six overlapping threats, the report warns.   The Children’s Climate Risk Report 2026 uses the latest available data to map children’s exposure to the eight most frequent climate threats, including coastal floods, droughts, extreme heat, fires, heatwaves, riverine floods, sand and dust storms, and tropical storms.   For the first time, the report reveals exactly where – and how intense – multiple and overlapping climate threats are affecting children and the essential social services they rely on, and how governments can take concrete actions to respond.   “The lives of children continue to be upended by the impact of heatwaves, wildfires, droughts, and floods,” said UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell. “Half of the world’s children are now living with at least three overlapping climate threats shaping their daily lives.”   Drought, extreme heat, and heatwaves are the most widespread combination of climate hazards, with over 296 million children living in areas exposed to all three conditions, according to the findings. The second most common combination – drought, extreme heat, and tropical storms – leaves more than 115 million children worldwide exposed to these overlapping threats.   In the Sahel region of Africa, one of the hardest hit, more than 4 million children face the triple threat of heatwaves, extreme heat, and sand and dust storms, while in countries across Asia, for example Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Pakistan, children are exposed to more climate hazards at once and at a higher intensity than anywhere else in the world.   High-income countries are not immune to overlapping climate shocks. In Italy, for example, more than 6 million children are exposed to prolonged heatwaves and drought, the data show. Yet the country illustrates how investment in climate change adaptation can mitigate some of the risks children face, while highlighting the need for further action as the climate crisis intensifies.   In addition to the eight most frequent climate hazards, the report analyses children’s exposure to air pollution and malaria; two risks that are highly sensitive to the effects of climate change.   Data show that air pollution affects nearly every child globally, while 1 billion children are exposed to malaria, adding another layer of danger for children already facing multiple climate hazards.   The report also presents a framework to analyse the different types of risks children face, based on their exposure to climate shocks and their vulnerability, determined by access to essential social services such as healthcare, clean water, education, and more.   The approach can be applied in different ways, from looking at risks related to individual or multiple climate hazards to examining risks across sectors, revealing the threats children face across different contexts.   For example, considering multiple hazards and vulnerabilities together, children in landlocked* and fragile* countries such as the Central African Republic or Chad face overlapping climate hazards while also lacking access to basic services, making it much harder for them to cope and recover.   Meanwhile, all children in 24 Small Island Developing States*, including from Haiti to Vanuatu, are exposed to tropical storms, which can disrupt entire islands at once and overwhelm essential services, the report notes.   Without urgent efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, climate hazards will grow more frequent and severe, placing even greater strain on government budgets and systems, threatening children's well-being, the report warns.   To protect children’s rights from climate threats and adapt to growing environmental changes, UNICEF is calling on governments, businesses and relevant actors to:   Reduce emissions and take ambitious action to fulfil existing international commitments, grounded in the best available science, including the urgent phasing-out of fossil fuels and a just transition towards renewable energy.   Protect children through inclusive climate adaptation, disaster risk reduction, and responses to loss and damage that prioritise the resilience of social services, ensuring that children and child-critical services are included in national adaptation plans and sector strategies, disaster risk governance, preparedness and response plans.   This includes, for example, developing safe and green learning facilities and climate‑resilient health care facilities, securing children’s food security, making multi‑hazard early warning systems effective for children and accessible to the services they rely on, and strengthening the efficiency of water and sanitation services, as well as shock‑responsive social protection systems.   Empower children and young people to meaningfully participate in climate action by investing in climate education, knowledge and skills, and by strengthening the capacity of decision makers and experts to respect children’s rights to be heard, freedom of expression, and participation in decisions that affect their lives.   “This analysis can help governments and decision-makers plan better and invest more effectively in resilient services,” said Russell. “When we strengthen health and education systems, and improve infrastructure with children in mind, we protect them from today’s climate threats and help secure their future.”   http://www.unicef.org/press-releases/nearly-half-worlds-children-exposed-least-three-overlapping-climate-threats-unicef Visit the related web page
	The protection of children online by UN Office for Human Rights, agencies   May 2026   UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk on Friday called for more robust measures by both States and tech companies to make online platforms safer for children, insisting on effective regulation, oversight and accountability.   “The digital world that connects children to learning, community, and creativity also exposes them to real risks to their safety, privacy, and wellbeing,” Türk said. “Online harms to kids’ safety, privacy and wellbeing are not innate or inevitable; they result from design choices and business practices that undermine safety, including addictive design features, such as infinite scroll, autoplay, and persistent notifications from apps.”   “Enhancing protection of children online is an urgent priority that we need to make sure not only gets done - but that it gets done right,” he added.   To ensure the approaches to these complex issues are grounded in human rights, the Office has issued a set of guidelines to enhance children’s safety online and protect their rights.   “Blanket social media bans are not a one-off panacea for what is a multifaceted issue. Simply limiting access to platforms that remain unsafe cannot stand as the endpoint in effectively protecting children. We need much wider action – by Governments and companies – to ensure that the platforms themselves are made safer by design, that data is protected, that those responsible for harm can held to account, and that children’s rights and needs are fully respected throughout.”   Türk pointed out that regulations focusing solely on the ages of those who have access to specific digital tools and platforms can leave unaltered the design choices and algorithmic practices that render the platforms unsafe in the first place.   “States need to require tech companies to embed safety into their platforms by design, instead of shifting the burden to parents and children.”   Proposed social media bans for children are proliferating across many countries following Australia’s adoption of a regulation restricting access for children under 16 in December 2025 – with age-based restrictions coming into force in Indonesia and Malaysia. More than a dozen other countries are considering restricting social media access for children.   The UN Human Rights Office guidelines state that age restrictions on children’s access to specific services or content should be targeted to clearly-identified harms, and recommend a number of additional steps for effective regulation that avoids human rights risks.   Measures suggested include guardrails around age verification processes, mandatory child rights impact assessments, and including children when defining regulatory responses. These steps should be backed up by mandated transparency, strengthened oversight and accountability for companies, and access to remedy for children whose rights are violated.   “Whatever regulations are adopted, it is essential to avoid inadvertently causing further harms. For example, age verification done wrong can both fail at its goal and endanger the privacy of both kids and adults.” Türk said.   The UN Human Rights Chief also noted that experience so far shows that bans can be easily circumvented and expressed concern that such bans may end up pushing children to riskier, even less monitored platforms.   http://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2026/05/protection-children-online-needs-be-done-right-un-human-rights-office-issues http://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/children/getting-childrens-safety-online-right.pdf   * UN Bodies issue Joint Statement on Artificial Intelligence and the Rights of the Child: http://tinyurl.com/yp9nndha http://www.unicef.org/innocenti/reports/policy-guidance-ai-children
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